Peak Pilates

Articles

August 2008 - Posts

  • Reformer Setup and Standards

    Teaching can be a daunting experience when instructing on a piece of equipment that is new or that you are unaccustomed to. The various Pilates equipment manufacturers have diverse designs that can present a challenge when following generalized equipment setup guidelines.

    In our programs, and with our students, we are always striving for efficiency so that transitions are performed with fluidity and thus the flow of the workout can be maintained. Consistency is our goal and this drives our programs to exude professionalism and high safety and quality standards. Knowing how to properly setup and use the equipment is a key component in upholding these standards. 

    The goal of this article is to provide clarity surrounding the Peak Pilates reformer setup and standards. After reading this article, you should be clear on what our guidelines are so you can be better prepared and able to adjust any reformer you may encounter.

    Peak Pilates reformers:

    • Peak PilateSystem® Reformer (PPS)
    • SportsMed™ Reformer
    • Premier Reformer
    • Total Workout System ® (TWS)
    • SportsMed™ Total Workout System®
    • Classic Reformer
    • MVe™ Reformer

    The Peak Pilates reformer options allow three configurations for hand and leg attachments: classical leather loops and handles; loops and neoprene handles; and double loops. Although it is beneficial to have options, this has created some confusion within the trainer network, which in turn has filtered down to our students and subsequently down to their clients. To address this issue, Peak Pilates is currently in the process of evaluating an alternative configuration that will offer greater consistency in hand and leg attachments across all reformer designs. To this effect, please stay tuned for a new accessories package, but until then, read on to learn about our standard setup guidelines for the various Peak Pilates reformer models.

    Springs:

    • Green = Extra light
    • Blue = Light
    • Yellow = Medium
    • Red = Heavy

    All reformers, except for the classic reformer, come with five springs; two blue, two yellow and one red. The classic reformer comes with four springs; two yellow, one blue and one red.

    In setting up the classic reformer, attach one yellow and one blue on the two outside hooks and a yellow and a red on the middle hooks. This spring configuration is referred to as the “classical or standard setup.” Occasionally studios will substitute one of the springs with a green spring, which is lighter than the blue spring. It is not a standard spring and it must be special ordered. 

    When using reformers with a five spring system we suggest that you adhere to the classic setup. New equipment from the factory may come with the springs in a different configuration (blue springs on the outside, yellow springs on the inside and red spring in the middle); however, we recommend that you change them to the classic setup for consistency purposes (one yellow and one blue on the outside hooks, one yellow and one blue on the inside hooks and the red spring on the middle hook).

    Studios that have numerous reformers may have different setups for each reformer, this is usually a matter of trainer preference. If you are delivering a training in a studio like this, explain the standard setup per Peak Pilates and make sure that a number of reformers have the classic setup so that students receive a productive and consistent training.

    Please note that there are tension variances within the springs themselves, depending upon age, usage and manufacturer. Therefore, no two springs or reformers will feel exactly the same.

    Gear Bar:

    The classic reformer comes with a three-gear system. All other reformers come with a four-gear system. The fourth gear, which is also referred to as a negative gear, is the closest gear to the front of the reformer (foot bar end). The second gear slot is first, the third gear slot is second and the fourth gear slot is third gear. The PPS and MVe reformers are clearly marked with numbers to designate gear, but the wood reformers are not.

    The standard set up for all clients is first gear. In this position, the knees ideally will line up over the hips and are bent at 90 degrees. The only reason to adjust the gear bar is for a very short or tall client, either to reduce or increase knee flexion and/or reduce tension on problematic knees. The anatomical setup is to have the knees over the hip.

    Please note that the gear bar on PPS and MVe Reformers may need to be adjusted during workouts for specific exercises, while the gear bar on wood line reformers does not require such adjustments.

    Gear Block:

    All wood line reformers with the four-gear system must have a gear block inserted when in negative gear in order to secure the springs. The exception is the classic reformer or the three gear system; it does not need a gear block when in the first gear slot. Classic reformers only require a gear block inserted when in the second or third gear slot. Gear blocks are not needed for PPS or MVe Reformers. 

    Leather Straps vs. Ropes and Risers:

    You may purchase any wood line reformer with either leather straps or a rope and riser system. The PPS and MVe Reformers are only available with ropes and risers. There are different arrangements for the feet and hands whether utilizing leather straps verses ropes. All leather systems come with the leather loops and handles, primarily ordered as a “classical” setup. Ropes and risers (wood line) come with a neoprene handle and single foot loops. PPS and MVe Reformers are delivered standard with double hand/foot loops. It is suggested that those purchasing ropes and risers who are teaching or participating in our courses upgrade to the classical conversion handles and double hand/foot loops to meet the Peak Pilates standard setup.  

    Leather Hand and Foot Set Up:

    First, set the gear bar in the appropriate position.

    The end of the leather loop is pulled and aligned with the front of the shoulder rests for the initial measure. Slide the loop over the shoulder rest and pull the straps lightly, making sure both straps are even, then secure the leather on the undercarriage to hold the loops in position. You can also measure the set up anatomically per each individual client. When the client is lying down, their hands should align directly over the shoulders with slight tension on the straps. When the straps are not in use, place the handles on the metal posts behind the shoulder blocks.  

    When progressing to Short Spine, for leather straps, simply thread the loop through the handle and slide the hardware back. Make sure the hardware is in between the legs during the exercise.

    When progressing to Long Spine, thread the leather loop through the handle as for Short Spine and attach the Long Spine Extender Strap through both of them. The hardware should be on the outside. 

    Ropes and Risers Hand and Foot Set Up:

    First, set the gear bar in the appropriate position.

    Reformers with ropes and risers come with neoprene handles and single foot loops. If a classical conversion kit has not been purchased, then the set up is different. Rope systems come with a small round metal loop which does not fit around the shoulder rests. Pull the ropes so the small round metal loop is equal with the shoulder rests with the head piece up, attach the handles. You can measure the set up anatomically per individuals. When lying down, hands should align directly over the shoulders at a 90-degree angle with slight tension on the straps.

    When setting up for Short Spine, remove the handles and clip on the single foot loops and wrap around the shoulder rests. This should be the right position for the exercise and mirror the classical set up on the other equipment. When progressing to Long Spine, attach Long Spine Straps to the single foot loop.  These will have to be purchased as an upgrade, if they are not purchased then the ropes will have to be adjusted to the length that the Long Spine Straps would be.

    PPS and MVe Double Loop Hand and Foot Set Up:

    First, set the gear bar in the appropriate position.

    PPS models and MVe Reformers come standard with a Rope and Riser System. The Risers on the PPS are scaled for easy adjustment and have positions 1-7. The beginning position is when the black pull pin knob is aligned with the number 5 for the risers. For the MVe Reformer, adjust the riser mechanism up to the highest point. It has only one place for adjustment. Do not work with the ropes when the risers are in the low storage setting. Not only will it fray and shorten the life of the ropes, it impacts the effectiveness of exercises.

    The end of the small inside loop of the double loop is pulled and aligned with the front of the shoulder rests for the initial measure. Slide the loop over the shoulder rest and pull the straps lightly, making sure both straps are even, then secure either the ropes on the carriage to hold the loops in position. You can also measure the set up anatomically per each individual client. When the client is lying down, their hands should align directly over the shoulders with slight tension on the straps. When the straps are not in use, place the handles on the metal posts behind or at the side of the shoulder blocks.  

    When progressing to Short Spine with double loops, use the inside loop. For Long Spine and Leg Circles put the feet in the long loops and adjust the gear mechanism one backward toward the head rest as the first option. An alternative option is to adjust the ropes, while the best option is to purchase a set of Long Spine Extender Straps and attach them through the inner loop to avoid changing either the ropes or the gear bar. The hardware should be on the outside.

    Tips for a successful training or session:

    Be sure you are clear on the equipment you will be using prior to leading or participating in a course so that you may ensure safety and setup and make the correct recommendations for that particular piece of equipment.

    Inform your students that they are responsible for knowing the equipment that they will be assessing on. To ensure clarity, quality and consistency in the future, Peak Pilates is providing these guidelines for each reformer on the website. If you are not sure, or your students are not sure, please direct them to the equipment page at www.peakpilates.com and have them look under ‘reformers.'

    - Colleen Glenn, Peak Pilates Master Trainer

  • Pilates Stance: Discovering Corrections and Part C Exercises

    Obviously, one of the main benefits of Pilates is improved posture. As instructors, we know that many different postures walk through our studios every day. It is important to have the ability to make postural changes in your students’ bodies. This is not always easy and sometimes can become frustrating, especially if you are a novice instructor. If you truly want to commit to students and make some changes in their bodies, you must analyze what is going on in their bodies and strategize the focus during sessions. I would like to offer the idea of using the Pilates Stance as a way to determine what corrections and what exercises in Part C of the session format need addressing.

    Remember that good posture can be viewed with the perspective of the Pilates Stance. Here are some connections, key concepts, and alignments to look for:

    • Heels together, weight distributed through the feet, and the line of gravity just anterior to the malleolus
    • Both legs held tightly into the Centerline
    • The Box held squarely
    • Abdominals lifting in and up, lengthening and decompressing the spine
    • Sternum forward and up
    • Clavicle level
    • Head held straight, neither tipped nor turned to one side
    • Ears and eyes level
    • Natural curves of the back

    As you work with a student you should watch the student execute the Pilates Stance as it presents itself throughout the session. Specifically watch for which of the above connections or alignments are weak. You will also detect if the student is aware of the misalignments in their own body. Once you see the area of opportunity, you should know what correctional cues are needed and which exercises will be most effective in Part C of the session format. Many times instructors see the misalignments but are not sure about the solutions. I would like to illustrate a simple thought process you can use in order to determine solutions for your students. I will use the example of working with the pelvic alignment and the Box to illustrate this.

    Illustration #1 - Pelvic Position As you scan your students’ Pilates Stance, you notice their pelvis is anteriorly tilted. You corrected the ribs and cued the Powerhouse hoping that it would fix the problem, but the pelvis has hardly moved and is still anteriorly tilted.

    Questions to Ponder: Here are three questions you should ask yourself: What is causing the pelvis to tilt anteriorly? What muscles might be weak? What muscles might be tight? 

    Possible Answer: In this case, the Powerhouse is not the only problem. You need to also understand that the glutes and hamstrings are weak and the hip flexors are tight. 

    Examples of where Correctional Cues are Needed: When applicable, the glutes and hip flexors need to be corrected throughout the mat and reformer sections (Part A and B) of the workout. On the reformer, the Down Stretch is an exercise where this correction might be applicable. Many times you are trying to get the student to find more extension and the restriction is not only in the spine, but the tight hip flexors. Therefore, cue the activation of the glutes so that it supports the opening of the hips allowing the body to work in a more successful position. Other reformer exercises where the challenge is evident are, but limited to, Footwork, Leg Circles, Frog, Long Box: Swan, Pulling Strap I and II, Long Stretch, and Chest Expansion. In the mat, it will show up in the Roll Up, Shoulder Bridge, Side Kick Series: Front and Back Kick and Beats of the Belly, Swan, Single Leg Kick, and Double Leg Kick, and Leg Pull Front.

    Part C Consideration: When you get to Part C, review again what is the cause of the anterior tilt.  In this case we need Part C exercises that strengthen the Powerhouse, glutes and hamstrings, and stretch the hip flexors. It is important to understand that many times students need to understand in their bodies what muscles assist the opening of the hips. It can be pointed out in different exercises, even if it is not the main goal of that exercise. This  helps students gain body awareness about the specific connection you are addressing. For example, the goal of the Swan on the spine corrector is to strengthen extension. However, in this case, a contributing challenge in executing the Swan could very possibly  be  the student’s inability to contract the glutes in order to open the hips. This needs to be corrected. Here are some exercises that will strengthen the Powerhouse, glutes and hamstrings, and/or stretch hips, and/or provide an opportunity for improved body awareness for the hips and glutes.

    Cadillac:  Leg Springs, Shoulder Roll Down, Breathing, Spread Eagle
    High Chair:  Pumping: Toes, Arches, Heels
    Low Chair: Table,  Push Down
    High Ladder Barrel: Basic Tree, Backward Stretch, Swan
    Spine Corrector: Shoulder Bridge, Leg Series, Grasshopper, Swan

    Illustration #2 – Box As you scan your students’ Pilates Stance, you notice their Box is not squared. The right hip is significantly higher then the left. Throughout the session, you should be watching that right hip and providing correctional cues.  

    Questions to Ponder: Again ask yourself the following questions: What is causing the right hip to hike? What muscles might be weak? What muscles might be tight? 

    Possible Answer: One possible and common reason for this to occur, is the shortening of the muscle of the low back, specifically the quadratus lumborum. It is important to understand that the quadratus lumborum performs lateral spinal flexion and assists in spinal flexion.

    Examples of where Correctional Cue are Needed: During Leg Circles on the Mat work, you most likely will see the right hip hike when the right leg circles. Therefore, an effective correctional cue would command the student to lengthen the right sitz bone toward  the opposite heel. It is important to establish the Box during the set-up. This misalignment might also show up in, but not limited to, the Hundred, Single Leg Stretch, Double Leg Stretch, Scissors, and Side Kick Series. On the Reformer, it will present itself during, but not limited to, Footwork, Frog, Leg Circles, Tree Front, Knee Stretch Series, Long Box: Side Sit-Ups, and Running.

    Part C Consideration: When choosing exercises for Part C, review again what is the cause of the misalignment. In this case, the tightness of the quadratus lumborum is causing the hip to hike up. Therefore, a solution is to stretch the quadratus and also teach it to maintain its length in order to stabilize the pelvis. Now think of the exercises that do this:

    Fundamentals: Knee Folds
    Cadillac: Mermaid, Leg Springs, Roll Back
    Low Chair: Sitting Mermaid, Kneeling Mermaid, Spine Stretch Forward
    High Ladder Barrel: Mermaid, Side Stretch
    Spine Corrector: Mermaid, Side Sit-Ups

    By using the Pilates Stance and this simple thought process you can improve your students’ postures, strength, and flexibility. There are many benefits to improving your students’ postures. You will reduce the chance of back pain, reduce the possibility of injury, increase circulation, lessen or eliminate digestive problems, and reduce fatigue, to name a few. Not only will your students feel better, but they will also look better.

    As you can see, in order to deliver this type of quality teaching, you need to start thinking. You need to evaluate, plan, and follow through. In closing, here are some tips/suggestions to remember:

    1. Remember scan and correct the body from the Powerhouse first
    2. Do not over correct/cue and frustrate your student
    3. Choose one correction and thread it through the session as a theme. This helps students to focus
    4. Finish each session in Pilates Stance as a way to gauge their  body awareness in regards to the corrections made during the session
    5. When applicable, have students walk and incorporate new found connections into their gate
    6. Review your manual in regard to anatomy, posture, and the Pilates Stance
    7. Take your chair and barrel workshops early in your Peak Pilates Comprehensive pathway. Remember you can take chair and barrel right after PPS-I. This will give you more exercises to work into the system

    Remember, changing students’ postures is a long term process. Be patience with your students and patience with yourself as an instructor. It is key to everyone’s success. 

    “A patient man has great understanding, but a quick – tempered man displays folly”. - Proverbs

    - Sonia Rodriguez, Peak Pilates Master Trainer